In cases like this, the charge of the metal ion is included as a Roman numeral in parentheses immediately following the metal name. The simplest name, “iron chloride,” will, in this case, be ambiguous, as it does not distinguish between these two compounds. Iron typically exhibits a charge of either 2+ or 3+, and the two corresponding compound formulas are FeCl 2 and FeCl 3. For example, consider binary ionic compounds of iron and chlorine. The charge of the metal ion is determined from the formula of the compound and the charge of the anion. Compounds of these metals with nonmetals are named with the same method as compounds in the first category, except the charge of the metal ion is specified by a Roman numeral in parentheses after the name of the metal. Most of the transition metals can form two or more cations with different charges (Note: tin and lead are outside the transition metal area and have variable charges, both can be either 2+ or 4+). Names of Some Ionic CompoundsĬompounds Containing a Metal Ion with a Variable Charge The name of a binary compound containing fixed charged metals consists of the name of the cation (the name of the metal) followed by the name of the anion (the name of the nonmetallic element with its ending replaced by the suffix – ide). Compounds Containing Fixed Charged Metals and Simple Anions First, is the compound ionic or molecular? If the compound is ionic, does the metal form ions of only one type (fixed charge) or more than one type (variable charge)? Are the ions monatomic (simple) or polyatomic? If the compound is molecular, does it contain hydrogen? If so, does it also contain oxygen? From the answers we derive, we place the compound in an appropriate category and then name it accordingly. To name an inorganic compound, we need to consider the answers to several questions. We will limit our attention here to inorganic compounds, compounds that are composed principally of elements other than carbon, and will follow the nomenclature guidelines proposed by IUPAC. The simplest of these are binary compounds, those containing only two elements, but we will also consider how to name ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions, and one specific, very important class of compounds known as acids (subsequent chapters in this text will focus on these compounds). This module describes an approach that is used to name simple ionic and molecular compounds, such as NaCl, CaCO 3, and N 2O 4. Nomenclature, a collection of rules for naming things, is important in science and in many other situations. Name and write formulas of ionic compounds, binary molecular compounds, and acids using IUPAC rules.By the end of this section, you will be able to:
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